Shalahuddin Al Ayyubi and History 'Crusade'

Shalahuddin Al Ayyubi, Hero of Islam from the Hundred Battle Field (1137 - 1193 M), whose name was terpateri in the heart of a Muslim fighter patriotic and heroic people, you do have engraved in the history of the struggle of the Muslims were able to sweep it clean, pulverize army cross a combination of choices from all over the European continent.

They say to use to revive their spirit or the spirit of jihad among Muslims who have been sleeping soundly then and forget the stick estafet passed by the Prophet Muhammad., Then the idea Salahuddinlah celebrate the birth of the Prophet Muhammad. Reminder media described the attitude of noble and heroism shown by submitting taboo "Siratun Nabawiyah. Until now the memorial becomes a tradition and a tradition among Muslims.

Rarely, the world witnessed the patriotic and heroic attitude combined with the integrated nature of humanity as found in the person of the fighters. Sense of responsibility towards the religion (Islam) have it serve and prove in the face of army raids into Palestinian holy land for twenty years, and eventually with persistence, potency and its ability to repel European army under the leadership of Richard Lionheart UK.

Must remember that the Crusades were wars of the most long and full of horrible cruelty and savagery in the history of mankind, the sacrifice of hundreds of thousands of people ate, where hurricane fanatical rage of the Christian Europe rushed to the area invaded by the Muslim Middle East.

A Western writer says, 'Crusade is one of the most insane part of history in the history of humanity. Muslims attack Christian nation in the wave expedition for nearly three hundred years until the end thanks to the hard work of Muslims they have failed, resulting exhaustion, and despair. Throughout Europe often run out of people, forces and funds, and social failure, if not total destruction. Millions of people were killed in the battlefield, while the danger of famine, disease and other forms of disaster that can be conceived as a stain that sticks garbled on the face of the Cross camp. Western Christian world when it is stimulated to think that religious fanatics storm by Peter the Hermit and his followers used to release Palestinian Holy Land from the hands of Muslims. "

"The manner and the way to go," said Hallam was used to raise fanatics. As long as a crusader army still held the symbol of the Cross, they are under the patronage of the church and released from all kinds of taxes and for his sin.

Peter the Hermit himself led the raid, the second wave consisted of forty thousand people. Once they reach the city Malleville redeem their first defeat of the waves rush to destroy the city, killing seven thousand innocent people, and wreak all kinds of sexual violence are not restrained. This group of fanatics who call themselves human forces changed the land Hongaria Cross and Bulgaria into desolate regions.

"When they reached Asia Minor, they commit evil and savagery, ferocity that makes the universe tremble" said Michaud French authors write.

The third wave of Crusaders army raids that led oeh a German Monk, according to the author made up of ragtag Gibbon Europe the lowest and most fatuous. Fanaticism and ignorance mixed with the permission granted to use them guilty of piracy, adultery and drinking alcohol. They forget the excitement Darussalam Konstantin and party-mad ways gilaan and piracy, destruction and killings that are the heritage of their bad on every area that they've "said Marbaid.

The fourth wave of Crusaders army raids taken from Western Europe, according to the authors Mill evidence "consists of the desperate and violent mob. Mass rage was raided by the exercise of employment rutinnya bestiality rob and kill. But ultimately they can be destroyed by the army Hongaria get mad and had weak cross-gilaan army before.

Crusader army had been successful, while enjoying some of Syria and the Palestinian areas, including the holy city of Jerusalem. But their victories were followed by violence and murder against innocent Muslim people over violence Jengis Khan and Hulagu Khan.

John Stuart Mill distinguished historians of Britain, admitted murder, mass murder of Muslim residents of this city during the fall of Antioch. Mill wrote: "The problems of old age, not the ability of children and weak women are ignored entirely by the forces of fanaticism is Latin. Dwelling is not recognized as a shelter and the mosque is a view generating self-centered desire to commit violence. Crusader army pulverize the cities of Syria, killing people with cold hands, and burn out the treasures of art and knowledge are very valuable, including "Polar Khanah" (Library) is the most famous Tripolis. "Road full of blood flow, so that violence was out of energy," said Stuart Mill. They are a beautiful beautiful boy ignored the market for the purchase of Antioch. But the old and the weak were sacrificed on the killing stage.

Through the mid-12th century AD when the army reached the top of his victory and cross the Emperor of Germany, France and Richard Lionheart King of Great Britain down to the battle field to also seize the holy land of Jerusalem, the combined forces was welcomed by the Sultan Cross Shalahuddin al Ayyubi (the so-called Saladin ), a Chief of the General Muslims drove back wave of people rush for the purpose of the Christians who came to dominate the Holy Land. He was not only able to drive the Crusaders army raids, but they are now facing is a game of fertilizers and the extraordinary courage who are willing to accept the challenge of Christian Europe.

Who Shalahuddin? How a background in life?

Shalahuddin born in 1137 AD. Education received from his father's first name is quite distinctive self, which al-Ayyubi Najamuddin. In addition pamannya famous war that does not also give a small contribution in shaping the personality Shalahuddin, ie Asaduddin Sherkoh. Both are close to the King of Syria assistant Nur Mahmud.

Asaduddin Sherkoh, a jenderal of war, the commander of Syrian forces to beat back the army, both in Syria and the Cross in Egypt. Sherkoh entered Egypt in February 1167 AD for the game Shawer a minister of the caliph Fathimiyah merge with the French army. Sherkoh raid of war as well as the final victory of Babain direbutnya the combined forces of France and Egypt according to Michaud "saw great value ringgi army strategy."

AI Aziz Ibn Athir writes about the raid commander Sherkoh as follows: "Never before recorded history of an event worse than crushing combined forces of Egypt and France from the coast of Egypt, by only a thousand horsemen."

On January 8, 1169 M Sherkoh up in Kairo and appointed by the Caliph Fathimiyah as War Minister and Chief of Defence of Egypt. But what, Sherkoh not destined to enjoy the fruits of a long struggle. Two months after the adoption, he berpulang to rahmatullah.

After death Sherkoh, niece Shalahuddin al-Ayyubi lifted so the Prime Minister of Egypt. Not as long as it was viewed favorably by the people of Egypt because their properties are fairly generous and the wise. In the second caliph berpulang to rahmatullah, Shalahuddin was a real ruler in Egypt.

In Syria, the famous Mahmud Nur died in 1174 AD and was succeeded by his son, aged 11 years Malikus named Saleh. Sultan young diperalat by high office, particularly around (especially) Gumushtagin. Shalahuddin send envoys to Malikus baktinya Saleh to offer service and obedience. Shalahuddin extend even to mention the name of the king in the homily, sermon points Jumatnya and money. But the kind of attention does not get the impression from the young king with offices all around it is full of ambition. Environment that includes the government is once again giving the army cross wind, which can be held by Nur Mahmud and commander of war, Jenderal Sherkoh.

On the advice of Gumushtagin, Malikus Saleh resigned to the city of Aleppo, Damascus, leaving the raided by the French army. Crusader forces quickly occupied the capital of the kingdom, and is willing to destroy the city after receiving a very large ransom. Events that cause anger Shalahuddin al-Ayyubi the right to Damascus with a smaller team, and take back the city.

After they successfully occupy Damascus he did not directly enter the castle king Nur Mahmud, but at the home of her parents. But Muslims are very disappointed with the behavior Malikus Saleh. and lay claim to Shalahuddin to rule the area. But Shalahuddin just have ruled in the name of young King Malikus Saleh. When Malikus Saleh died in 1182 AD, Shalahuddin authority recognized by all the kings of the Middle East.

In openly Shalahuddin truce between the Sultan and the French army in the Palestinian, but according to the French historian Michaud: "Muslims uphold its agreement, while the Christians gave the signal for the start of the war." Contrary to the terms of a cease-fire, authorities Renanud or Reginald Christian from Castillon attacked a Muslim caravan passing near the house, killing a number of its members and their belongings seized.

Hence the event that the Sultan is now free to act. With a strategy of war that agile Sultan Shalahuddin strong confining the enemy is near the hill of Hittin in 1187 M and destroying the very large losses. Sultan did not provide further opportunity for Christians to organize the troop strength back and extend the attack after the victory at Hittin hill. In a very short time he was able to grab back some of the city with a population of Christendom, including the cities Naplus, Jericho, Ramlah, Caosorea, Arsuf, Jaffa and Beirut. Similarly, Ascalon has occupied a short Shalahuddin bitter battle settled with the terms of the very light by the Sultan of the high-minded.

Shalahuddin now turn attention to the occupied city of Jerusalem with a strong army, cross over sixty thousand soldiers. It is clear that this cross army unable to hold the Sultan and the ambush team surrendered in 1193. Sultan Shalahuddin humanitarian attitude in the camp to treat the Christians is a different picture as the heavens and the earth, the behavior and mass murder of Muslims during the defeat suffered by the army cross over one century ago.

According to historian Michaud expression, at the Jerusalem grabbed by the army in 1099 AD during the Crusades, the Muslims were killed on a large scale in the streets and in residential homes. Jerusalem is not a place of refuge for Muslims who suffer the defeat. Some fled the grip away from the enemy by dropping the high walls, some ran into the castle, the towers, and not less, nor in the mosque. But they do not miss the chase Crusader army. Crusader army occupying Umar mosque where Muslims can survive for short periods. mengulangl yet full acts of cruelty. Kavaleri infanteri team and raided the refugee who fled langgang Ride. In the midst of the peenyerbu kekacaubalauan which heard only groan and cry of death. Crusader warriors who served the running tread dead Muslim focus, pursue those still trying in vain to escape. Raymond d 'Angiles who witnessed the event said that "the porch mosque blood flow to knee, and to the groom family soldier."

This barbaric slaughter of people pause, when forces gather to perform Mass Cross grateful for the victory they had obtained. But after the worship, they extend the barbarity of terrorism. "All the prisoners" Michaud said, "because the exhaustion of tertolong fate of the Crusader army tertolong because hope is replaced with a large ransom, all killed with no forgiveness. Muslims had to throw themselves from the tower and dwelling, they burned alive, they were dragged from hiding places underground, they caught the place itself that is going to be killed in the pile of corpses. "

Cucuran tears of women, screaming children are not guilty, but also memories of the place where the Prophet forgave LSA-algojonya bully, not greedy desire to ease the winning army. The cruel slaughter lasted for a week. And a small escape from the murder of the boy who fell into contempt low.

One Western historian, Mill adds is: "It was decided that the Muslims can not be forgiven. The people are conquered by it should be dragged into public places to be killed alive. Mothers with children who cling to their breasts, young boy and girl, are all sacrificed. Field-Iapangan cities, roads, and even parts of Jerusalem, the quiet corner was met by dead-dead body of men and women, and children of members of the body. Who has no heart or compassion remembered for doing good. "

Thus a network mass slaughter history of the Muslims in Jerusalem in the event of a century before the Sultan Shalahuddin retake the holy city, where more than seventy thousand Muslims were killed.

On the other hand, when the Sultan Shalahuddin retake the city of Jerusalem in the year 1193 M, he gave general amnesty to the people of the Christians to live in the city. Only the soldiers of the Cross are required to leave the city to the payment of blood money that light. Often happens that even the Sultan Shalahuddin producing blood money from their own pockets and were then given transport. A number of women whom the support of their children came to find the Sultan with tears and said: "You watch us walk away, the wife and daughters of soldiers who became prisoners Sir, we want to leave this country forever . The soldier is the focus of our lives. If we lose them we lose pulalah expectations. Where You submit them to us they will be able to relieve our suffering and we'll have a backup of life. "

Sultan Shalahuddin so moved his heart with their applications, and the husbands of women dibebaskannya Christians. Those who went to leave the city, assented to bring all of his belongings. Attitudes and actions Sultan Shalahuddin full of humanity and the noble spirit of this show is very striking contrast environment to slaughter Muslims in the city of Jerusalem in the hands of a century Crusader army sebe1umnya. The army commander Shalahuddin team in each race to help the army that had defeated the Crusaders.

The Christian refugees from the city of Jerusalem is not the protection of cities governed Christendom. "Many of those Christians who left Jerusalem," said Mill, went to Antioch, but the commander of Bohcmond Christians not only refused to give protection to mcreka, but also prey to their property. Then they went into the land of the Muslims and well received there. Michaud mcmberikan evidence at length about the attitude of the Christians that this senseless to the Christian refugees of Jerusalem. Tripoli shut this city of refugees, says Michaud. "A woman threw the child for giving up her baby to the sea, while Christians who cuss people refused to give him help," said Michaud. Instead Sultan Shalahuddin be full consideration of the Christians who conquered it. As consideration for their feelings, he entered Jerusalem before they leave.

From Jerusalem Sultan Shalahuddin ordered his team to the city of Tyre, where the Crusader army that does not know to thank the Sultan Shalahuddin forgive in Jerusalem, again to sort the strength to fight the Sultan. Sultan Shalahuddin conquer a city occupied by the Crusader army at the shoreline, including the City Council of, Jabala, Saihun, Becas, and Debersak. Sultan has been dropping in the jar upstream Frenchman named Guy de Lusignan with the agreement that he should soon return to Europe. But not long after the countess did not know that Christians are grateful for his freedom, he denied the promise and gather a large enough force and surrounded the city of Ptolemais.

Fall of Jerusalem into the hands of the Muslims raises fears among the Christian world. And they quickly send reinforcement from all over Europe. Emperor of Germany and France and King Richard the Lion Heart UK soon depart with a great team to capture the Holy Land from the hands of Muslims. They surrounded the city that can not be snapped Akkra for how the moon. In a number of open battle, losing the Crusader army, leaving a big sacrifice.

Now that must be faced Sultan Shalahuddin the combined forces of Europe. Troop reinforcement cross flow towards the holy city without the never-severed, and though they suffered defeat by repeatedly-ups, however, forces the total number of the larger cross also. City Akkra who advocated Islamic army for months have a choice of European forces, eventually it runs out of food had to surrender to the enemy with the conditions agreed with the service, that would not be murder, murder, and that they be required to pay a ransom of gold 200 000 the leadership team of the Cross. Because of the delay in a settlement of this blood money, King Richard Lionheart orders to kill Muslims is not viable and that the cold heart before the eyes of his fellow Muslims.

Behavior is of course the King of Great Britain is pierced Sultan Shalahuddin conscience. He bernadzar to avenge the blood of innocent Muslims is. The battle over 150 meal garbled coastline, Sultan Shalahuddin provide heavy knock on the army of Jerusalem.

Finally, the King of Great Britain is a lion hearted submit requests received by the Sultan for peace. The King felt that the game is exposed is a fertilizer and an unlimited energy and realized how ill-sianya pursue the struggle against that. In the month of September 1192 AD dibuatlah peace treaty. Crusader forces to leave the Holy Land with the backpack with the goods back to European.

"Berakhirlah with army raids that cross the" copy Michaud "in which the combined forces of the West preferred not to seize victory from the fall of the city and the destruction of the city Askalon Akkra. In the battle of Germany has lost a great kaisarnya forces with destruction of their choice. More than six hundred thousand people cross the team landed in front of the city Akkra and return to their country of no more than a hundred thousand people. Let dipahami why Europe with great sadness to receive the Crusader army that fight, because that was the last battle is the army of choice. Flower Western knights became the pride of Europe was also in this battle.

Sultan Shalahuddin residues ending her life with activities for the well being of the community, to build hospitals, schools, colleges, universities and mosques throughout the region in order

But what, he was not destined to soon feel the blessings of peace. A few months later he returned to rahmatullah on 4 June in 1193. "Today is a day of great tragedy, which has not been felt by the Muslim world and the Muslims, since they lost Ahl Ar-Guided Caliphs" This copy of a Muslim writer. Among the Palace of the district government following the Muslims lost in teen nestapa ocean. The entire contents of the city to follow the flesh usungan tombs full of sadness and crying.

Thus end the life of Sultan Shalahuddin, a king who is in humanity and not a standard contrast, people who owned heroism in the history of humanity. In private, He was indeed a Muslim hearts full of love for humanity is harmoniously blended with the strength of a genius on the battlefield. Envoy who delivered the news of his death was brought to Baghdad and the war shirt, his horse, the money of one dinar and 36 dirhams as private property that is obsolete. People who live with a period, and all the historians agree that the Sultan Shalahuddin is a very gentle heart, warm-hearted, patient, a good friend of scholars, intellectuals and the diperlakukannya with deep respect and with good . "In Europe" write Philip K Hittites, he was touching the ivory tower of the singer and the writer today, and is still valued as an example the knights.

May Allah expanded his grave.